Food-loving physician turned chef, Annie Fenn, provides brain-smart ingredients and recipes to show that eating to maintain brain health is easy, accessible, delicious, and necessary for everyone. The foods we choose to eat (or not) sit at the core of the Alzheimer’s epidemic.

They are also at the heart of the solution.  Annie Fenn, doctor, and chef, presents a new way to think about brain health: it begins in the kitchen.  With her new cookbook, The Brain Health Kitchen, home cooks will learn exactly how making the right choices about the foods we select and cook, and how we eat them, can keep our brains younger, sharper, more vibrant, and much less prone to dementia.

“Food choices are at the heart of the solution to Alzheimer’s and dementia. I’ve written this book to help you take care of your brain while still eating delicious food,” Annie says. “The earlier you begin eating with brain health in mind, the better.  In doing so, you will cultivate a brain that is resilient to age-related cognitive decline from all causes, especially Alzheimer’s.”

Scientific studies have shown that diets high in foods with powerful neuroprotective properties lower their risk of Alzheimer’s and dementia.  One such diet, the MIND diet, a spin-off of the Mediterranean and DASH diets, emphasizes the foods that are most neuroprotective—berries, leafy greens, vegetables, fish and seafood, whole grains, nuts and seeds, poultry, beans and legumes, olive oil, and red wine.

The results of a study of the MIND diet showed that when participants adhered to the MIND guidelines most closely, there were 53% fewer cases of Alzheimer’s after just four and a half years. Even participants who followed the diet less rigorously had an astounding risk reduction of 35%.  In addition, participants who followed the diet most closely over time showed improvement in cognitive function.

In The Brain Health Kitchen cookbook, Annie takes a more targeted approach, beginning with 100 recipes that incorporate brain-healthy foods into everyday meals.  Her recipes are based on the MIND and Mediterranean diet studies along with several other sources.  “From these studies I developed my own set of guidelines, The Brain Health Kitchen Food Guidelines, that combines dietary patterns while emphasizing a more plant-forward way of eating, with fewer servings of animal products than MIND and Mediterranean diets do.”

The Brain Health Kitchen Cookbook provides valuable information on brain health, how to stock your “brain health kitchen,” as well as strategies for creating a brain-friendly dietary pattern, including choosing meats that fuel instead of harm; understanding the nuances between “good” and “bad” fats; embracing methods that preserve nutrients, such as braising and steaming; making sure to drink the right beverages; and addressing holistic issues like how diverse your food choices are and how beneficial it is to share meals with family and friends.

Shifting to and sticking with a brain healthy diet is your first and best line of defense against the heartbreaking diseases of Alzheimer’s and dementia. And it works for everyone—omnivores, pescatarians, vegetarians and vegans, and the gluten-intolerant.

“Food is your most powerful tool to resist cognitive decline with age. Unlike many health-centric cookbooks, my approach isn’t about a strict plan.  Brain health eating is about making food choices that will have staying power for the rest of your life.”

 

Glazed Citrus, Almond, and Olive Oil Cake

Serves 12

This cake makes a persuasive case for baking with almond flour, whether you are gluten-free or not. Olive oil adds peppery spice and amplifies flavors like orange and lemon better than butter does. The batter begins with a unique technique—you’ll boil a whole orange and a lemon to puree into a marmalade-like spread. This gives the cake its citrusy intensity and helps keep it moist for days. Using the whole fruit not only studs the cake with chewy bits of orange and lemon, it contributes a good dose of fiber and beneficial flavonoids from the peel.

You can use almond flour or meal interchangeably here with good results, with the meal resulting in a more rustic, nubby texture. Toasted and ground whole almonds work, too (see the sidebar). To reduce the amount of sugar, omit the glaze.

⅔ cup (150 ml) fruity olive oil, plus more for the pan and the glaze

1 small seedless orange (6 ounces/170 g), such as navel or Cara Cara

1 small lemon (5 ounces/140 g), such as a Meyer lemon

1½ cups (170 g) almond flour or meal

1 cup (115 g) oat or quinoa flour

1 tablespoon baking powder

½ teaspoon kosher salt

4 eggs, at room temperature

1 cup (170 g) coconut palm sugar

¼ cup (25 g) confectioners’ sugar

2 teaspoons warm water

Fresh berries, for serving (optional)

Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C). Brush a nonstick 9-inch (23 cm) springform pan with oil.

Place the orange and lemon in a saucepan and cover with water. Bring to a boil, then reduce to a simmer. Cook until you can easily insert the tip of a knife into the peel easily, about 30 minutes. Drain and set aside until cool enough to handle.

Combine the almond flour, oat flour, baking powder, and salt in a medium bowl; set aside.

Cut the lemon and orange in half through the equator. Scoop out the pulp and seeds from the lemon and discard, then scoop out just the seeds from the orange, keeping the pulp. Place the lemon rind and the deseeded orange in the bowl of a food processor. Pulse until it resembles a thick marmalade. Scrape into a measuring cup; you should have about 1 cup (250 g).

Combine the eggs and coconut sugar in the food processor and process until frothy, about 1 minute. With the machine running, pour the oil through the top of the feed tube and process for another 1 minute until smooth. Scrape the egg mixture into the flour mixture and combine by hand until no streaks of flour remain. Fold in the marmalade until evenly distributed.

Pour the batter into the prepared springform pan and bake for 40 to 50 minutes, until the edges pull away from the sides and a tester inserted into the center comes out clean. Set aside to cool completely.

To make the glaze, stir together the confectioners’ sugar and 2 teaspoons of the warm water until no lumps remain. Add up to 2 teaspoons oil until smooth and glossy.

Run a flexible metal spatula or a knife between the edge of the pan and the cake, then release the sides. Pour the glaze over top and spread to the edges in an even layer with the back of a spoon or an offset spatula.

When the glaze has set, cut the cake into wedges and serve with fresh berries (if using).

To store, cover tightly and refrigerate for up to 5 days. Or wrap each wedge individually and store in the freezer for up to 3 months.

 

Think of this fresh and crunchy salad as a cross between shrimp pad Thai and a spicy noodle salad. Although I love traditional pad Thai, with its stir-fried noodles and tangy tamarind sauce, at home I am more likely to go light on the noodles and heavy on the vegetables. This dish is especially good with Forbidden Rice noodles, a purple-black variety made from anthocyanin- rich Forbidden Rice (aka black). If you can’t find it, use regular rice or brown rice noodles instead.

LEMONGRASS SHRIMP AND RICE NOODLE SALAD

SER VES 4

¼ cup (60 ml) fresh lime juice

¼ cup (60 ml) rice vinegar

1½ to 2 teaspoons sambal oelek (Indonesian fresh chili paste)

½ pound (225 g) Forbidden Rice noodles (or thin, pad Thai–style rice noodles)

1 tablespoon avocado oil

1 large shallot (5 ounces/ 140 g), finely chopped (about ½ cup)

3 tablespoons finely chopped lemongrass, pale, tender centers only

One 1-inch (2.5 cm) piece fresh ginger, grated (about 1 tablespoon)

3 large garlic cloves, chopped (about

1 tablespoon)

1 pound (455 g) medium shrimp (about 30), peeled and deveined (see Tip)

3 medium carrots

(12 ounces/340 g), shaved into ribbons with a vegetable peeler

2 loosely packed cups (80 g) tender lettuces (butter, Bibb, or baby romaine), torn into bite-size pieces

2 cups (60 g) chopped fresh mixed herbs (mint, basil, and cilantro leaves), plus more for garnish

½ cup (70 g) raw peanuts, roughly chopped

Lime wedges

1. Stir together the lime juice, vinegar, and 1½ teaspoons of the sambal oelek (more if you prefer a spicier dish) in a large bowl. Set aside, reserving 2 tablespoons of the dressing to drizzle on the finished dish.
2. Bring a large pot of water to a boil. Add the noodles and cook, stirring occasionally until tender, 5 to 6 minutes. (Or follow the package directions, as some rice noodles will cook by soaking in hot ) Drain well, add to the bowl with the dressing, toss, and set aside.
3. Heat the oil in a large nonstick skillet over medium heat. Add the shallot, lemongrass, and ginger and cook until the shallot is translucent, 5 to 7 minutes. Add the garlic and the shrimp, stir to coat with the lemongrass mixture, and cook until the shrimp are just pink on both sides, about 4 minutes total. Turn off the heat and set aside.
4. Add the carrots, lettuce, and herbs to the bowl of Toss well and divide among shallow bowls. Top with the shrimp, then sprinkle with the peanuts and more herbs. Just before serving, drizzle with the reserved dressing. Serve warm, at room temperature, or chilled, with lime wedges alongside.

 

TIP: When purchasing shrimp, look for American wild-caught shrimp. Shrimp imported from other countries is more likely to be contaminated with environmental toxins, fraudulently labeled, and the result of unethical labor practices. If purchasing frozen shrimp at the grocery store, look for peeled, tail-on shrimp for the best product. Cleaning the shrimp of its innards takes only a minute and ensures your shrimp will be safe to eat. Just take a sharp knife along the back and under the belly and remove any dark-colored debris. Or ask the fishmonger at the grocery store to clean them for you. As for canned shrimp: don’t buy it. Most is imported from countries with questionable farming practices and heavy use of antibiotics.

Shrimp is rich in the antioxidant astaxanthin, a member of the carotenoid family of nutrients. Animal studies have documented that astaxanthin exerts impressive neuroprotective effects on cognition and memory. Its antioxidant power is active right where the brain is most vulnerable to amyloid deposition—in the hippocampus. Scientists hope to prove that getting enough astaxanthin in the diet has the same neuroprotective properties in human brains, and it is being evaluated as a possible therapeutic agent for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Besides shrimp, crab and scallops are also rich in astaxanthin.